Treatment in Psychiatry
نویسنده
چکیده
(9), there are at least two different subtypes of alcoholism. Type B-like or early-onset alcoholism is characterized by high familial loading, a broad range of impulse-dyscontrol traits, and an early onset (before age 25) of problem drinking (see case 1). In contrast, type A-like or late-onset alcoholism is characterized by a later age at onset of problem drinking (typically age 25 or older), a preponderance of psychosocial morbidity, and low familial loading for alcoholism (see case 2). While several complicated, theoretical, and retrospective constructs have been used to delineate alcoholism subtypes (10–12), it appears that a single question—“At what age did drinking become a problem for you?” (13)—can be applied in clinical practice to distinguish subtypes of alcoholism. The subtype can determine the choice of pharmacotherapy (14), as discussed below; however, subtype classification of alcoholism remains somewhat controversial. For example, some researchers have proposed more elaborate classification schemes, with up to four subtypes that might respond differentially to particular therapeutic agents (15, 16). In the future, more contemporary and accurate alcoholism subtype classification schemes that predominantly employ molecular genetic markers, with or without additional epidemiological or psychosocial determinants, may be more predictive of drinking outcomes and therapeutic response to medications (14).
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تاریخ انتشار 2010